The 68 Pattern DPM (Disruptive Pattern Material) camouflage is a notable version of the British camouflage pattern designed specifically for woodland and temperate environments. Introduced in 1968, this pattern was a significant development in military camouflage, providing enhanced concealment for British soldiers during the latter half of the 20th century.
Historical Context
The introduction of the 68 Pattern DPM came at a time when the British military sought to modernize its uniforms and equipment. Prior to the 68 Pattern, the British Army primarily used the 1960 Pattern, which was not as effective in providing concealment in varied environments. The need for a more effective camouflage was driven by experiences in post-World War II conflicts and the changing nature of warfare, which increasingly emphasized mobility and concealment.
Design and Features
The 68 Pattern DPM is characterized by its distinctive four-color scheme, designed to blend effectively into woodland environments. The pattern consists of large, irregular shapes that create a disruptive effect, making it difficult for the human eye to detect and identify the wearer. The colors used in the 68 Pattern DPM include:
- Light Green: Serving as the base color, representing lighter foliage and grasses.
- Dark Green: Mimicking darker leaves and undergrowth, adding depth to the pattern.
- Brown: Representing tree trunks, branches, and soil.
- Black: Used sparingly to add contrast and further break up the silhouette.
These colors and shapes work together to disrupt the outline of the wearer, providing effective camouflage in a variety of temperate environments, particularly in European woodlands.
Usage and Deployment
The 68 Pattern DPM was widely adopted by the British Armed Forces and saw extensive use in various military operations and conflicts from its introduction in the late 1960s through the 1990s. It became the standard issue camouflage for British soldiers and was also adopted by many Commonwealth countries and other nations.
Notable Deployments
- Northern Ireland (The Troubles): British forces used the 68 Pattern DPM extensively during operations in Northern Ireland, where the environment was a mix of urban and rural settings.
- Falklands War (1982): The DPM pattern was crucial during the conflict in the Falklands, providing effective concealment in the diverse terrain of the islands.
- Cold War: British forces stationed in Europe, particularly in Germany, relied on the 68 Pattern DPM for training and readiness exercises in forested areas.
Variations and Improvements
Over the years, the 68 Pattern DPM underwent several modifications to improve its effectiveness and adapt to new materials and printing technologies. These variations included adjustments to color shades, pattern sizes, and the introduction of different fabric types for better durability and comfort. The pattern was also adapted for use in different garments, including jackets, trousers, and field gear.
Evolution and Replacement
By the late 1990s and early 2000s, the British Armed Forces began transitioning from the 68 Pattern DPM to newer camouflage patterns. The introduction of the Soldier 95 system brought about changes in uniform design, incorporating more advanced materials and an updated DPM pattern. Eventually, the Multi-Terrain Pattern (MTP) was developed, offering effective camouflage across a wider range of environments, reflecting the diverse operational requirements of modern military engagements.
Legacy and Impact
Despite being largely replaced by newer patterns, the 68 Pattern DPM remains an iconic and historically significant camouflage pattern. It is still used by some military units and paramilitary organizations around the world and is popular among civilian enthusiasts, such as hunters and airsoft players, for its effectiveness and historical value.
Conclusion
The 68 Pattern DPM camouflage represents a significant evolution in military camouflage, providing effective concealment for British soldiers in woodland and temperate environments for several decades. Its design and widespread use have left a lasting impact on military strategy and uniform development, making it a key part of the history of military camouflage. Even as new patterns emerge, the legacy of the 68 Pattern DPM endures as a symbol of innovation and adaptability in military history.